Structured and unstructured discussion forums as tools for student engagement

Online discussion forums as teaching tools are becoming increasingly popular in college classrooms. The manner in which they are designed (and in particular, the amount of structure imposed) can affect how engaging of an activity it is for students. The current study analyzed responses to structured and unstructured discussion forums to determine how each impacted student engagement (specifically by studying the use of feedback, modeling, and empowerment). Results found students to respond positively to both forums, but structured forums were generally perceived to be more engaging. The nature of “structure” in forums is discussed, as well as how it can be manipulated to promote student engagement.     

植物蛋白肉产品品质评价及过敏原分析

为考察不同类别、不同品牌植物蛋白肉的品质,对市售18种植物蛋白肉产品进行感官评价及仪器检测,并对感官评价结果与仪器分析结果进行关联性分析,进一步探讨了过敏原的存在风险。通过外观、风味、口感等方面的指标可对植物蛋白鸡块、牛肉饼、肉馅品类有效评价产品像真性。全质构分析（TPA）参数中的咀嚼性和剪切力可以有效地评价感官指标,植物蛋白肉的内聚性、咀嚼性（仪器）、剪切力结果,可预测样品感官软硬度、汁水性、紧实感、颗粒感、纤维感、弹性（感官）的变化。植物蛋白肉鸡块和牛肉饼不同产品烹饪前色度a*值存在显著性差异（P<0.05）,不同品牌肉馅的色度L*值相对于a*值和b*值差异较小。不同品牌植物蛋白鸡块的烹饪损失率差异较显著（P<0.05）。植物蛋白肉产品中,含有胰蛋白酶抑制剂（STI）的产品占所测样品的57.14%,含有β-伴大豆球蛋白的产品占所测样品的64.29%,含有大豆球蛋白的产品占所测样品的57.14%,含有麸质的产品占所测样品的85.71%。本试验将市售不同品牌的植物蛋白肉进行对比,为建立植物蛋白肉产品品质评价指标和潜在过敏原风险评估提供理论参考。     

Surfactant-assisted preparation of fluoride-substituted hydroxyapatite nanorods

Fluoride-substituted hydroxyapatite (FHAp) nanorods have been successfully prepared by adding Tween80. As compared to the spheroidal morphology without any surfactant, the FHAp nanorods prepared with Tween80 were elongated along the c-axis. The reason was attributable to the enlarged difference between the growth rates of crystal surfaces due to the adsorption of Tween80. The effects of the pH value on the apatite formation were investigated by calculating the solubility isotherms of the Ca²⁺–PO₄³⁻–F⁻–H₂O system in conjunction with experimental results, and it was found that acidic solutions were unfavorable to FHAp preparation and the proper pH should be controlled at about 9 when preparing the FHAp nanorods with the addition of Tween80.     

F-BIDS: Federated-Blending based Intrusion Detection System

The rapid development of network communication along with the drastic increase in the number of smart devices has triggered a surge in network traffic, which can contain private data and in turn affect user privacy. Recently, Federated Learning (FL) has been proposed in Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to ensure attack detection, privacy preservation, and cost reduction, which are crucial issues in traditional centralized machine-learning-based IDS. However, FL-based approaches still exhibit vulnerabilities that can be exploited by adversaries to compromise user data. At the same time, meta-models (including the blending models) have been recognized as one of the solutions to improve generalization for attack detection and classification since they enhance generalization and predictive performances by combining multiple base models. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Federated Blending model-driven IDS framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT (IIoT), called F-BIDS, in order to further protect the privacy of existing ML-based IDS. The proposition consists of a Decision Tree (DT) and Random Forest (RF) as base classifiers to first produce the meta-data. Then, the meta-classifier, which is a Neural Networks (NN) model, uses the meta-data during the federated training step, and finally, it makes the final classification on the test set. Specifically, in contrast to the classical FL approaches, the federated meta-classifier is trained on the meta-data (composite data) instead of user-sensitive data to further enhance privacy. To evaluate the performance of F-BIDS, we used the most recent and open cyber-security datasets, called Edge-IIoTset (published in 2022) and InSDN (in 2020). We chose these datasets because they are recent datasets and contain a large amount of network traffic including both malicious and benign traffic.     

基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱法的兴安升麻甲醇提取物化学成分分析

目的：鉴定兴安升麻甲醇提取物中的化学成分。方法：采用超高效液相色谱仪分离兴安升麻甲醇提取物化学成分,四极杆-飞行时间质谱采集其一级和二级高分辨质谱数据,并用Masshunter软件对原始质谱数据进行分子特征提取,得到可能与兴安升麻相关的候选成分,根据化合物质谱裂解规律及部分标准品确证,鉴定化合物的结构。结果：共鉴定兴安升麻甲醇提取物中的38 个成分,包括苯丙素类、皂苷类,色原酮类、含氮化合物4 类成分。结论：超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱可应用于升麻化学成分的鉴定。     

酸枣水提物不同提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究

以酸枣为研究对象,优化超声法、酶解法、超声辅助酶解法3种提取方法工艺参数,并比较3种提取方法提取物总酚、总糖含量及抗氧化活性。采用响应面法优化提取工艺,利用ABTS自由基、DPPH自由基和羟自由基清除试验评价酸枣汁的抗氧化活性。结果表明,在最佳提取工艺条件下超声法提取率为67.37％;酶解法提取率为69.47％;超声辅助酶解法提取率为74.49％。其中超声辅助酶解法的最佳提取工艺参数为：液料比131（mL/g）,加酶量2.1％（以果肉粉末总重计）,酶解时间1.2 h,超声时间29 min,超声功率146 W。不同提取方法对酸枣汁中的总酚含量没有显著影响,与超声法、酶解法相比,超声辅助酶解法可以显著提高酸枣汁中总糖含量。体外抗氧化试验表明酸枣汁具有较高的抗氧化活性,并且超声辅助酶解法提取的酸枣汁抗氧化能力高于其他两种方法,表明超声辅助酶解法可以作为一种对酸枣果肉水溶性物质高效提取的方法。     

用不同方法测定的淬火油冷却性能的数字化

建立了淬火油冷却性能的数字化模型.通过试验确定,符合国际标准ISO 9950:1995的国标GB/T 30823-2014/ISO 9950:1995《测定工业淬火油冷却性能的镍合金探头试验方法》(热电偶在探头心部)可以被采用.按中国石化行业标准SH/T 0220-92(热电偶在银探头心部)和日本标准JIS K2242...     

Development of gain scheduling for trajectory tracking problems in input-output linearizable batch processes

In this paper, a design methodology has been developed for the control of non-autonomous batch processes which typically require good tracking performance. The design, based on the framework of differential geometric methods and linear gain scheduling theory, involves a multi-loop structure. The inner loop is an input-output linearizing state feedback law based on a nominal, time-invariant plant model. The outer loop includes a gain scheduling controller which provides the desired stability and tracking performance in the face of time varying parameters. The procedure is applied to a semi-batch polymethylmethacrylate synthesis problem. The results show excellent tracking performance of the gain scheduling controller.